Quand on l'a tiré à la carabine as translated in 'The Little Prince'
Japanese versions
Je sentais battre son cœur comme celui d'un oiseau qui meurt, quand on l'a tiré à la carabine. The last part of this sentence, quand on l'a tiré à la carabine, literally means 'when one has shot it with a carbine'. In English, it is variously translated as 'shot with someone's rifle', 'brought down by a rifle shot', and 'that's been shot'.
There is only one sentence structure found in the Japanese translations of this phrase (this includes a couple of translations that use 撃たれた utareta 'was shot', which I treat simply as a variation of 撃たれて utarete 'to be shot'):
Instrument | Passive verb |
銃で jū de 'with a gun' |
撃たれて utarete 'shot (passive)' |
There is, however, quite a lot of variety in vocabulary, especially in words for 'gun'.
'gun' | 'with' | 'shot (passive)' | |||
銃 jū 'gun' |
4 |
で de 'with |
15 |
うたれて / 撃たれて / 打たれて utarete 'shot' |
14 |
鉄砲 teppō 'rifle' |
4 |
うちおとされて uchi-otosarete 'shot down' |
1 |
||
空気銃 kūki-jū 'air gun' |
2 |
||||
カービン銃 kābin-jū 'carbine' |
2 |
||||
猟銃 ryōjū 'hunting gun' |
2 |
||||
ライフル raifuru 'rifle' |
1 |
||||
Total | 15 |
Total | 15 |
Total | 15 |
Japanese translators manage to come up with five different types of weapon! I will again turn to Wikipedia to look at the differences:
French | Carabine militaire | Carabine de chasse |
English | Carbine | Rifle |
Japanese | カービン kābin 'carbine' | 小銃 shōjū 'small gun' Also: ライフル銃 raifuru-jū 'rifle gun ' |
Again, the カービン kābin is described as shorter than the 小銃 shōjū and was originally for cavalry use. Since it is a military weapon, not a hunting weapon, the two translators who use カービン銃 kābin-jū appear to have been misled by the form of the French word.
猟銃 ryōjū is, as the name suggests, a hunting rifle. In Japan, only three kinds of gun are allowed in hunting: 散弾銃 sandan-jū 'shotgun', ライフル銃 raifuru-jū 'rifle', and 空気銃 kūki-jū 'air rifle'. Thus, translators who use 猟銃 ryōjū, ライフル銃 raifuru-jū, and 空気銃 kūki-jū are all on the mark as far as capturing the fact that it is a hunting weapon that has brought down the dying bird.
Of the other words used, 銃 jū and 鉄砲 teppō are both general everyday words for guns, the latter particularly referring to long-barrelled guns, and are quite acceptable as translations of carabine.
Below is a list of translations of the clause quand on l'a tiré à la carabine.